Lock



J. MACE.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILI-:o Nov. 4. 1920.

PatentedSept. 6, 192i. s sHEErssHEET s.

J. MACE.

LOCK.

APPUCATloN FILED Nov. 4, 1920..

1,390, M7., Patendsept. 6, 19211..

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1. MAC.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 4, 1920.

LSQQA 47. y Pandspt. 6, 1921..

{ 3 SHEETS-SHEET a.

rotes Meer, on enessn, FRANCE.

LOCK.

ratenteasept. afinar.

.Application led November 4, 1920. Serialy No. 421,751.

To @ZZ/whom it may conc/3ra:

Beit knownl that I, Jones Miroii5a-citizen of the Republic of France,residingv at" Grasse, Alpes lillalritimes, France, have invented anewand useful Lock, of whichthe following is aspecication. f

The present invention relates to improvements-in locks7 and has foranobject to provide a key operable lock that"will admit ot adjustment ina great variety of combina` tions whereby the same will be bail-ling tounauthorized persons and those who seek to open a lock byother meansthan' the proper key.

Another object of the invention is to provide a compact andsimply'constructed lock' Fig; 3 is a horizontal sectional View taken' Yonthe lineB-B 1n Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view showing the adjustment between the tumblerrings;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of one ot the end disks of the tumbler;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the interior ring;

Fig. 7 isa similar view of the outer ring;

Fig. 8 is a plan'view of the opposite end ring of the tumbler;

Fig. 9 is a cross' sectional view of amoditied detail; y

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of a modified form of latchand associated device;

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view through a lock according to aslight modiiication;

Fig. 12 is a horizontal sectional view through the same lock;

Fig. 13 is a plan view of one of the tumbler disks employed in thismodified lock;

Fig. 14: shows a plan View oi a partition;

Fig. 15 is an outer ring of one of the modified tumblers; and o Fig. 16is an inner ring of the same.

Referring more particularly to the drawings7 and for thelpresent' to Figs. 1 to 8 in` clusive, l` designates a support, such as a door j ambto which the lock` casing 2 is securedas by meanso screw or other1vfastn- Y ing means 3.

In the casingi2 isthe usual locking bolt 4 adapted to` be vproject-edtherebeyond by means of a cooperating rack 5 carried on the shank of thebolt and a pinion 6 carried by a rotatable sleeve 7 which isturned by ahandle S projecting on the exterior. The sleeve 7 has a slot 8 in whichto receive one endoi" an oscillating latch 9 formed with a central arm10 which pivots about a pinll.

VPins 12 on the latch 9receive the tree' end of a curved fiat spring 13connected to' a sleeve le also pivoting about the pin 1-1.

The sleeve'lt is connected to an arm 15 which is pivotally connected inturn to a second arm 16 adapted to be reciprocated by an eccentric 17mounted on the pin 18. As shown in Figql a handle 19 projecting on theexterior is adapted toturn the eccentric 17. ,i

The `upper end of the oscillating latch 9 is adapted. to fit into slots20 made in tumblers which are mounted in the upper portion of thecasing. T he latch 9 normally engages with the peripheral edges of thetumblers inasmuch as the slots`20 are normally out of line and are onlybrought into registry by the action of a proper key as?` iereinafterdescribed. Thetumblers there-V fore normally prevent the` latch 9 beingwithdrawn from the slot 8 in the sleeve :7 of the bolt actuatingmechanism and conse quently `the bolt is normally held by the latchagainst movement.

rFhe tumblers are provided. with cut out central parts adapted toreceiveV a centering rod 21 which is carried by a plate 22 itted withina shouldered recess 23 in the rear end of the casing 2, it being held inplace by the removable and sliding cover 24. The rod 21 is adapted toslidably receive the tubular key 25 whichjrnay move axially on and ottthe rod 21- and is also permitted a rotating move# ment therearound. Thekey is provided with a beveled inner end 26 and with a polygonal head 27at its other end adapted to engage in the polygonal socket 28 of arotating disk 29 having studs 30 by which to engage the lingers of theoperators hand.

Y with a flange 33 coperating with the flange 34 of the disk 29 and alsowith the outer edge 35 of the disk which overhangs the flange 33. Thisconstruction provides for thefree rotation of the disk 29 while at thesame time holding it effectively in place. rFhe casingg2 is providedwith va reduced neck 36 which projects through the support 1 and aboutthe tubular key 25. The neck 36 has an internal flange 37 projectinginwardly to engage about the key 25 near the head 27 in order to giveproper bearing to the key, but at the same time this internal flange 37is provided with notches 38 to receive the projections 39 extendingoutwardly from thekey, which projections are shown to be three in numberand situated at substantially 120O apart. It will be understood thatthese notches 38 are for the purpose of permitting of the removal andreplacement of the key.

Within the casing V2 areprovided a'series of tumblers herein shown to bethree in number, althoughthey may be added to or subtracted from asconditions dictate or require. Each of these tumblers is composed of apair ot end disks 40 and 41 shown in Figs. 5 and 8 respectively andbeing generally of the same construction with the except-ion thatwhereas the disk 4() is made substantially plain with a central opening42 and threaded apertures 43 at diametrically opposite points, the otherdis-k 41 is provided with countersunk perforations 44 also atdiainetrically opposite points, with internal projections 45 extendinginto the central opening 46, and with bosses or raised parts 47 on itsperipheral edge. Y

The projections 45 are adapted to be encountered by the beveled end 26oit the key 25, ashereinaiter-explained. Fastening devices. such asscrews `48 have'their heads lying in the countersunk openings 44, asshown in Fig. 3, and are threaded into the apertures 43 in the disk 40.The bosses or ridges 47 are kpreferably irregularly distributed and arerounded oit so that they do not interfere with the rotation of thetumblers. The purpose of these bosses or ridges 47 is to confuse andmislead unauthorized persons who Vobtain access to the lock and who seekto adjust the tumblers without the aid'oic the key.

Between the end disks 40 and 41 are a number of other disks shown to bethree in number, and they are composed of the outer rings 49 shown inFig. 7 and the inner rings 50 illustrated in Fig. 6. The outer rings 49are provided with perforations 51 to receive the screws 48 and are madewith notches or members is made with a number of elongated slots 52which open inwardly and are adapted to connect with one or more notches53 made in the outer edge of the inner ring member 50.

As shown in Fig- 4, a T-shaped key or wedge 54 is adapted to be fittedin one ot' the slots 52 and the notch 53 which registers opposite thecenter of such slot 52 in order to bind the inner and outer ringsagainst relative rotation once they have been' adjusted. It will benoted from Fig. 4 that the slots 52 and notches 53 are irregularlydisposed with reference one to the other in order that minuteadjustments may be made of one ring with reference to the other. Fillerblocks 55 may be placed in the remainder of the slots 52 if desired. r0ncertain of the inner ring members 50 are provided projections 56extending into the central openings 57 and adapted to coperate with theprojections 39 on the key 25.

Partitions 58 embrace opposite ends ot the tumblers and are kept spacedapart by division plates 59 which engage the outer edges of thepartition plates. All of the plates 59 are out away at 60, as indicatedat Fig. 4, in order to allow the latch 9 to engage the tumblers. Aspring 61 is fitted between the plate 22 and one of the partitions 58and serves to yieldingly press the various tumblers against a diaphragm62 made in the forward portion of the casing 2 and which separates thetumblers :trom thelocking bolt.

1n the operation of the device the key 25 is inserted through thecasing, its beveled end 26 engaging the projections 45 on the end disks41 of the tumblers thereby causing such tumblers to assume a coaxialposition with respect to the key. The projections 39 on the key will besuch as to register with the projections 56 on the inner ring members 50of the tumblers so that as the key is rotated by'me'ans Vof the disk 29the projections 39 will simultaneously or consecutively come intoengagement with the projections 56 and cause the rotation of thetumblers with the key. The points lof engagement of the projections willbe such with relation to the various tumblers as to bring the slots 20in the outer ring members 49 into alinement, and, after the turning ofthe disk-29 through several revolutions to be sure all of the slots arein aline-ment, the disk may be brought to rest, Vsay with the lugs 30 ina horizontal position as shown in Fig. 1 in order that the slots 20 arein the correct position to receive the latch 9.

The handle 19 is then turned in order to actuate the eccentric 17 andcause the lifting oi" the latch 9 into the slots 20 andthe removal ofits lower end from the slot 8. The handle 8 may then be turned andthelocking bolt either projected or retracted. Only certain of thetumblers may carry the pro- Y wide limits, and unless one possesses thepar` ticililar key it will be ditiicult to solve the loc In opening thelock the handle 19 is generally first partially rotated to turn theeccentric 17, thus moving the connected arms `15 and 16 and partiallyrotating the sleeve 11 by which the spring` 13 is moved in a clockwisedirection .placing the same under tension. Then when the tumblers arerotated by the key into positions to place the slots 2O in alinement,the latch 9 will snap into such registering slots, After the bolt. hasbeenlockedfor unlocked, as the case may be, the tumblers are again movedindiscriminately so as to destroy the alinement ot slots 20.

NReferring more particularly to Fig. 9, there kis herein shown amodiiication which permits of the opening of the door from the insidewithout the use ot the key. ln this .instance the latch 9 lits within apair of sleeves 63 and64loosely mounted about the spindle or shaft 65 onwhich the pinion 6,

lforrotatingfthe lock and bolt 4, is mounted The outer sleeve 63 isprovided with an opening 66 to allow et the insertion and- Vremoval ofaset screw 67, thehead ot which llies in a ycountersunk recess in theinner sleeve64.

The sleeves 63 and 64: are also provided with notches-68 to receive thelatch 9. The sleeve 64 is normally locked by the set screw `67zto theshaft 1.65 so that the handle 8 cannot be turned unless and until thelatch 9 is :removed from the notches 68. lrlowever,` theset screw 67 maybe removed, which will f permit the turning of the shaft 65 while thesleeves "63 and-64 remain motionless.

Fig. 10 shows a `further modilied form of the invention `foraccomplishing a similar purpose. ln this instance the latch is composedoflan upper member 69 adapted to engage in the notch 20 in the tumblerswhile the lower portion ofthe latch 7() vis adapted tofengage'with thesleeve 7 of the bolt actufating mechanism. The :members 69 and 70 arefnotmade in one piece as is the latch 9 inthelirst-form of theinvention, but these two members 69 and'70 are capable of arelativefrotation. The member 69 is iiXed to the spindle orshaft 11while the `member 70 is,

"slotted `Lto receive and permit a relative `movably placed.

movementabout'the shaft 65andmember 69 sleeve 71 and consequentlytheflatch memberL 70 independent ofthe shaft 11. Therod `78 is on theinside of the door.

When the upper latch member 69 is 'permittedto enter the notches 29 ofthe tumblers, the spindle 11 will turn therewith and cause the `rotationof the zsleeve 71 by the engagement o1c the pin 76 with the hook 75.This will litt the lower latch 70 out of engagement with theboltactuating spindle. F rom inside the door however7 the sleeve 71 may beindependently rotated for this purpose by the rod 78. A

Referring more particularly to Figs. 11 to 16 inclusive, a slightlymodified form of the lock is shown for securing two plates 79 and 80together. ln ythis instance the casing is denoted by 8l and fis securedas by the yscrews-82 to the outer face of theiplate 80.

The front portion of the casing 81 'is lett open and is adapted toreceive a cover plate 82 provided `with an internal cylindrical web 83passing within .the circular wall of the casing 81 and with a iiange 84spaced from the web` 83 and providing a circumterential way to receivethe outer ,edge oit' the casing 81.

A. central perforation 85 is made in the cover 82 to receive thecentering `rod or spindle 85 over which a key, ofthe `torm as heretoforedescribed, lis adapted to be re The spindle or rod 85 is carried on aplate 86 located at the back of the casing 81 and fitting a groove 87provided in the end ot the web 8,3. A shaft 88 projects from theopposite tace of the plate 86 and passes through the plates 79 and 80,being atvits rear end provided with threads 89 to receive a nut 90secured as by a screw 91 to the rear face of the plate 79. Between thecover 82 and the plate 86 are three tum- `lolers held yieldingly inplace by the spring `92 and being separated by partitions 93, shown moreparticularly in Fig. 14. Divilcomposed of disks 95 shown in Fig. 13, and

other disks composed of outer rings 96,

`shown in liig. 15, and inner rings 97, shown in Fig. 16. The disks 95are provided with central openings 98 having centering projections 99extending thereinto.v The disk 95 is also provided with two circularseries of pertoratiene 100 and 101 respectively `ico having perforationsin a designated number and being arranged in diametrically oppositepairs The outer ring 96, shown in Fig. 15, is providedwith the bosses102 and with a series of tapped perforations 103 adjacent an enlargedopening 1011 which is provided to receive the inner ring member 97 sothat the two ring members extend coaxially and concentrically. The outerring member 96 is provided with slots 105 to receive the latch y vashereinafter referred to.

' metrically so that fastening screws 109 and 110 may pass therethroughfor securing the two ring members to the disk 95 as shown in Fig. 11. Asalso shown in Fig. 11, bolts 111 pass through the partitions 93 and.division Iplates 94: respectively for holding these parts together.`The latch in this case is made up of a strip of steel or other suitablemetal having its central portion looped to provide a bearing 112extending about a shaft 113 which projects through the coverV 82`and isprovided with a handle 114 for turning the same.

From the locpedintermediate portion 112 the two ends of the steel bandare brought together and forwardly to provide an arm 115 provided with atongue 116 engaging the web 83 and with latch portions 117 adapted toenter the slots 105 in the outer ring members 96. The web 83 is providedwith a Vgroove 118 extending about the major portion of itscircumference and having its end walls adapted'to be engaged by a pin119 on the case so as to limit the turning movement of the cover plateabout the case. VThe cover Aplate carries the latch with it and to addto n. fthe confusin ofk opening the lock, the latch `=may be out ofj aposition 'in which it must 'necessarily'be to registerrwith the slots105,

but an authorized person, knowing the operation of the lock, will turnthe cover plate until the pin 119 engages one or the other of sition thelatch willbe as shown in Fig. 11 so "1 6o the end walls of the groove118. In this'pothat when, the slots 105 in the outer ring members arebrought into registry the latch may be moved into the same.

It is obvious that various changes and vmodifications maybe made in thedetails of construction and design of the abovespecically describedembodiment of this invention without departing from the spirit thereof,such changes and modifications being restricted only by the scope of thefollowing claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In combination, a movable locking bolt, a latch adapted to hold saidbolt against movement, rotatable tumblers supported rel-V atively tosaid latch whereby to prevent the latter from movement, said tumblersprovided with slots therein adapted to be brought into alinement toreceive a portion of the latch to permit movement thereof, said tumblershaving cutaway central portions, a key fitted through the cutawaycentral portions of the tumblers, cooperating projections on the key andtumblers adapted to be brought into engagement, said projections on thetumbler-s being adjustable angularly with respect to the projections onythe key, substantially as described.

2. In combination, a movable locking bolt, a latch normally holding thebolt against movement, tumblers placed relatively uto the latch toprevent movement thereof, said tumblers composed of a plurality ofinterchangeable disks, each disk composed of a pair,A of relativelyrotatable inner and outer rings, said outer rings provided with slots intheir peripheries, said inner rings provided with vprojections extendinginwardly, means for securing the two rings against relativeV IIIOVG-ment, bosses on the exterior of the outer ring,

Vwith slots therein to receive the'latch and* permit the releasethereof, key means cooperating with the tumblers to bring the slots intoregistry, and eccentric means for swinging the latch into the releasedposition, substantially as described. v

11. In combination, a sliding bolt, means to slide theY bolt, aflatchnormally engaged with said last named means and swingingly mounted, aneccentric placed near the latch, a spring connection between thelatchvand eccentric whereby to yieldingly move the latch into thereleased position, and keycontrolled tumblers placed relativelyfto thelatch and normally preventing its release but provided with slotsadapted :to be brought into alinement to receive the latch,substantially as described.

5. In combination, a movable bolt, a latch normally preventing themovement ofthe bolt, tumblers placed relatively to the latch fornormally preventing its release but provided with slots adapted to bebrought into alinement to receive the latch when moved to the releasedposition, said tuniblers provided with central cutaway portions, acentering rod passing through the central portions of the tumblers, atubular key slidingly fitted over said rod and rotatable thereon, andCooperating projections on the tumblers and key, substantially asdescribed.

6. In combination, a movable bolt, a latch normally preventing themovement of the bolt, tumblers placed relatively to the latch fornormally preventing its release but having slots in their peripheriestoreceive the latch when moved to the released position, said tumblersprovided with cutawayV central portions, a centering rod passing throughthe tumblers, a tubular key slidingll fitted over said rod and having abeveled encl said tumblers provided with centering devices adapted toengage the beveled end and the outer surface of said key, and coperatingprojections between said tumblers and key, substantially as described.

7. ln combination, a casing, a series of partitions therein, tumblersplaced between each partition, a plate in the casing, a spring actingagainst said plate for holding the partitions and tumblers in assembledoperative relation, a removable cover for the casing, a centering rodcarried by said plate and passing through the tumblers, a tubular keyiitted over said centering rod and having a polygonal head, a keyrotating device having a polygonal socket for said head, centeringdevices on the tumblers engaging with said key, cooperating projectionson the key and tumblers whereby to rotate the latter, said tumblershaving slots in their edges adapted to be brought into alinement, alatch movable into and out of said slots, and a movable bolt adapted tobe normally held against movement by said latch, substantially asdescribed.

JULES MAC.

Witnesses VINCENT GURDY, PETER PETERSEN.

